From In-house Design ~ Topics: inhouse issues

In-house I.D.

Many in-house design departments suffer from an all-too-common personality disorder. As with a low-grade fever, they know something is wrong, but they choose to live with the discomfort because they know it won’t kill them. The symptoms? A lack of juicy design projects, but no shortage of production and low-profile jobs. Exclusion from key marketing strategy, but responsibility for implementing design initiatives conceived by outside firms. Budget and staffing freezes or cuts, but rising project requests. The affliction? Corporate design groups are diagnosed with an identity crisis.

The causes range from the way the groups were originally formed, to expanding technology, to complacency, to corporate culture.

Many corporate design groups were formed almost by accident. Some started literally in closets when the internal graphics needs outstripped a secretary’s design abilities. Others were born when freelancers, small firms or agencies were doing so much work for a client that they ended up being absorbed into the company. Often there was no long-term strategy accompanying these moves and consequently little thought as to what role the creative team would play within the company, aside from working on a project-by-project basis. No mission, no mandate, no identity.

In-house teams that have the advantage of a more planned mission are not immune from the I.D. crisis either. Though beginning with a more strategic and focused mandate they often find themselves devolving into glorified production houses as expanding technology enables these graphics departments to bring production services inside their companies.

Finally, there’s corporate inertia and stagnation—the “we’ve always done it this way” syndrome that paralyzes growth and quashes any vision a design group might have for moving beyond its current situation.

Without an identity, a well-defined mission, long-term goals and a strategic business plan, in-house groups are destined to remain second-tier design alternatives to independent design firms and ad agencies. To effect change they need to become proactive. What to do? In-house teams should follow the lead of outside creative groups and their envious lifestyles and opportunities.

Most independent design firms and agencies have a clear purpose and identity because their survival depends on it, while an in-house team’s continued existence usually does not. Undertaking disciplines that define and communicate an identity are a corporate creative department’s only chance to achieve opportunities that independent firms already have.

So, here’s the action list. First, get your team together, preferably off-site. Honestly assess your current situation. What are your strengths and weaknesses? Is your company’s perception of your team in line with reality? What resources are you willing to devote to your “makeover”? Then imagine yourselves as the department you want to be. Be specific—what type of projects do you want to take on, what do you want your offices to look like, how do you want your relationships with other departments to work? Be precise—the clearer your vision the better defined your plan to get there will be.

Once you’ve “comped up” your vision, create a plan to get there with assigned responsibilities and deadlines. Again, be specific—who has to do what by when. The plan should include the creation of a mission statement, a visual identity for your department, creation of a capabilities brochure and case studies of your past successes for presentation to upper management. If there are costs involved in any of these initiatives, be clear about what they are and where the money will come from.

You’ll also need a marketing plan. Include a self-promotional piece to distribute to department heads; plan for lunches with upper management and enter your work in design competitions. You may even want to create a press release for your group’s accomplishments and distribute it to design and business periodicals. For additional ideas read trade publications that advise design firms and freelancers on these issues.

Make sure you stay focused on your vision, because achieving your goals will take time and your successes will be incremental. Be flexible as your circumstances change (partially as a result of your efforts). If you find yourselves wanting to revise or refine your vision, do it—you didn’t create the Ten Commandments when you originally defined yourselves. And make sure you have fun. Stop and regroup if you’re not. Use your efforts to define and promote yourselves as a means of expressing your creativity in ways your past projects haven’t allowed. Actually, that’s the whole point of this adventure—to show your company the potential it has not seen. In doing that, you’ll become aware of your hidden dreams, talents and strengths and become even more inspired and compelled to expand the creative possibilities for you, your team and your company.


About the Author: Andy Epstein started his career as a freelance designer and illustrator working for clients as varied as Bacardi, Canon, Bantam Books and Merck. Jumping into the world of in-house design in 1992, Epstein created and grew in-house design teams for Commonwealth Toy and Gund, as well as restructured and expanded the hundred-person creative team at Bristol-Myers-Squibb. He is currently consulting at Johnson & Johnson. He has written and spoken extensively on in-house issues and was the co-founder of InSource, an association dedicated to providing support to in-house designers and design team managers. As head of a newly formed AIGA task force on corporate design, he continues his efforts to empower in-house teams and raise their stature in the design and business communities.

  1. link to this comment by Lynny Tue May 20, 2008

    First, Andy, fantastic articles. Thank you for such great advice on behalf of innies every where.

    I'm curious, how would and/or would you customize the above advice for the in-house designer that is the only designer and is not part of a group of creatives? Creating a mission statement and capabilities brochure seems a little over the top in that situation.

  2. link to this comment by Andy Epstein Tue May 27, 2008

    Lynny,

    Sorry for the late response. I really had to put a "think" on your situation and, by the way, AIGA just completed an in-house survey and it was surprising to me how many in-house departments fell into the 1 to 10 person group - so you're certainly not alone.

    I'll be honest with you, many individuals, particularly when they're looking for a career change, create an individual mission statement and capabilities brochure (i.e. a resume). I'd encourage you not to let the fact that you're an in-house shop of one stop you from truly reflecting on and then communicating your goals and most certainly your capabilities to your clients, peers and upper management. If your company is outsourcing work which you'd like to keep inside you may also want to speak to the efficiencies gained by staying in-house.

    In addition, many individual designers are promoting themselves in a way that presents their company of one as a large group. They then build ad hoc virtual teams to handle jobs too large for them to complete on their own. Should you find yourself in the same situation you might be able to bring in freelancers to assist with the workload.

    Bottom line, your efforts in defining and promoting yourself will communicate how seriously you take your role and will cause others to take you more seriously as well.

  3. link to this comment by Sue Runyon Sat May 31, 2008

    I worked as a graphic design contractor for 10 years both in-house as a temp and on a per-job basis. Recently I was hired full-time with a large data base services corporation in their in-house marketing department. The first two things that stood out to me after two months on the job, I believe you hit the nail right on the head, and were well stated in your article as follows:

    1. "In-house teams that have the advantage of a more planned mission often find themselves devolving into glorified production houses...

    Comment: I am shocked at the last minute mentality of the upper management to make a request for power point presentations or 40-60 page programs for large client conferences or "Investor Days" without any apparent understanding of the importance of concept and design. It is as if design has no bearing on the bottom line—which is profit of course. A well thought out concept for a project has to be better than a piece-meal group of individual task requests from different management departments.

    Question #1. How do we educate upper management as to the PROFITABILITY a creative department can give to a corporation?

    2. "There’s corporate inertia and stagnation—the, 'we’ve always done it this way,' syndrome that paralyzes growth and quashes any vision a design group might have for moving beyond its current situation."

    Comment: I can't tell you how many times I've heard the phrase, “we’ve always done it this way,” in just two months time. I am willing to be patient on this one. But a lot of time and money were spent on the job search for this positon, and for what? This comapny could pay a lot less to someone qualified to be a "yes" person. The impression often times in a job interview is that a department is looking for fresh ideas when in reality the are simply in need of catching up on an overload of work.

    Question #2. What are some of your more successful experiences with changing the traditional approach of the creative job process within an already well established marketing department?

  4. link to this comment by Michael Browers Wed Jun 25, 2008

    Andy,

    Your articles in context to the realities of inhouse are excellent. The only elaboration I would make to this article is that inhouse department mission should not only include a marketing plan but also brand standards.

    In my first inhouse job I replaced two designers that evolved from secretarial positions and were let go when it became evident that they were not an appropriate fit for the marketing departments needs. Over time, I established the company's brand image. Unfortunately, I was so caught up in the reactive that I neglected taking a step back to develop an appropriate set brand standards as the backbone of all work produced. After working two years the look and feel of work produce was consistent and of respectable quality... but it took two years to establish a consistent look and quite frankly it wasn't as cohesive, strong, and strategic as it should have been.

    At my current inhouse post we developed a brand standard at the start. It was more work upfront, but created a much stronger vision for all work produced. Not to mention that I have been working at my current job for 8 months and the corporate look and feel is established, rather then the 2 years it seemed to take at my previous post.

    Sometimes I think young designers get caught up in tactics and fail to understand that strategy should be put in place for tactics to follow... otherwise the tail is wagging the dog. That is my perspective based on an oversight I made as a younger designer.

  5. link to this comment by King Thu Jun 26, 2008

    I too work as a One-Man-Show. I find part of the challenge to be that so many of the production tasks pile up, that it leaves no time to create a mission and define the visual marketing and identity directions. The prospect of telling all that the projects they're expecting will have to wait while I create such a document/vision seems to not be an option.

    At one point early in my stint here, I had built a Design Guidelines document. That had acted as my sense of direction at the time, but has now become a bit outdated and is in serious need of a makeover. It also needs to incorporate many of the qualities that are mentioned in this article. It seems that the options are slim-to-none for me to wright the ship while trying to row at the same time.

    Any advice?

  6. link to this comment by Andy Epstein Thu Jun 26, 2008

    King,

    It's not advice you may like, but I'd suggest using some of your personal time (weekends, evenings etc.) to craft your vision and identity. (Clearly, based on your situation, one goal I'd put in your strategy would be to gain buy-in to bring in freelance talent as your workload dictates.)

    If you don't make the time to create an overarching strategy and then the tactics needed to achieve your goals, you'll probably never change your day to day professional existence of working on production jobs at the expense of more creative and strategic endeavors. I hope that's enough of an incentive to take on the extra work. I'd also recommend hooking up with some members of your local AIGA chapter to get their feedback on your plan once you've completed it.

    When you get your action list together be realistic about which items will have the greatest impact on your worklife and which you have time to actually do and then prioritize your list accordingly.

    It'll be hard and messy at first, but I can tell you from personal experience, the upfront sacrifice will pay off bigtime in the not-too-distant future.

    Hope this helps.

    -Andy

  7. link to this comment by Sara Sun Aug 03, 2008

    I can definitely relate to many of the comments made in this thread. I also fall into the category of "lone" graphic designer in a Marketing Department made up of a VP Sales & Marketing, a Sales Training Director, a Marketing Director (to whom I currently answer), a Marketing Coordinator and myself. We also have a new sales/marketing person who focuses on 2 particular divisions of the company.

    I'm currently developing some initiatives (on my own time) to try to institute some changes I think will make the department work better (project management, for instance) and gain more respect and be valued within the company (as a strategic business partner). I want to propose an organizational chart (as I see the department in the near future) that puts the Sales Trainer, Marketing Director and Design Director (ideally, me) on the same level on the org chart - with salespeople, marketing managers and designers working under each of us, respectively. I don't feel I should be working under the Marketing Director, but instead, I think I should be working with her equally. She's the marketing expert; I'm the design expert. I also think the department needs a different name (Marketing Dept seems to leave out a lot of what we do). I can't find any examples of in-house marketing/creative department organizational charts and wondered if you could provide any insight in this area. I feel that I will need to give some real-world examples to sell my vision. Can you offer examples of (1) organizational structure and (2) what departments like mine tend to be called (Corporate Communications, perhaps?)

    Thanks for any advice you can offer!
    Sara

  8. link to this comment by Jeff Mon Oct 06, 2008

    I manage 5 in-house designers for a large retail corporation. Our workload continues to increase year after year, but headcount never seems to be able to increase. Now we are looking at putting a cap on how many design request we can complete each month. Design is not something easy to put a number to, but are there any statistics we can use to support our decision on how many designs each person can do per month? Or is there a better way to approach it?

  9. link to this comment by Michael Browers Mon Oct 06, 2008

    What is up with everyone wanting to create org charts in the false hope of elevating the status of inhouse design teams?

    Inhouse design professionals should embrace the marketing departments they work within and build value to the strategies marketing strives to achieve. Should product managers, marketing science professionals, etc. fall on the same level as the marketing director as well? Marketing has enough of a struggle to garner respect within corporations without inter-department power struggles and segmentation.

    I highly recommend inhouse design professionals think of their work in a marketing context and build value to that department. It is not to the advantage of inhouse designers to isolate themselves from marketing... if they do, they will find themselves excluded from contributing to strategic objectives beyond existing as a service center to complete marketing tactics.

  10. link to this comment by Jenny Fri Nov 07, 2008

    Thanks for the article! Do you know of any resources that could provide case studies or samples of some in-house strategic plans? I'm currently working with a nonprofit on their long-range strategic plan, and I want to put together a separate plan for Marketing and Communications (we're too small to have an actual design team--it's just me), that will dovetail with this effort.

    I know that the department is in dire need of a plan and I've brought it up at several meetings, but if it's going to get done it's clear that I'll have to do it myself. I'm also somewhat of an outsider, being a part-time design consultant, and any input I have outside of design tends to be viewed with suspicion and maybe a little resentment, since the organization does have a full-time Communications Director.

    So...I guess my hope is to find a successful case study (or studies) that I can model my plan structure after, present it to the CD and committees, and not make it sound like it's my own personal agenda. It's less about making a case for myself than about providing some much-needed structure and long-term vision for the department as a whole.

    Any thoughts?

  11. link to this comment by Andy Epstein Sat Nov 08, 2008

    Jenny,

    There are precious few case studies that detail strategic plans that you could base yours on. In addition, all organizations are different and require different strategies and tactics to bring their plans to fruition. There are some sections in the AIGA’s website where you might find support including the Center For Practice Management and the Design:Business Newsletter both in the Professional Resources section and Gain: AIGA Journal of Business and Design in the Design & Business section. The Design Management Institute, www.dmi.org, may also have materials that could support you.

    The good news is that the model or process you want to undertake is pretty straightforward and may also address your concerns about buy-in (or lack of) from your partners in other departments at your organization. It’s what I’d call the 4-eyed Plan – Investigation, Ideation, Implementation and Integration. Investigation, as the name implies, involves working through a series of questions to determine where you’re at and where you’d like to be on specific issues such as staffing, resources, capabilities etc. This stage allows you to reach out to your peers in other groups for their input (this gives them a sense of ownership and creates a level of trust enhancing your chances of buy-in). Ideation involves working through the Goals/Strategies/Tactics process. Implementation is the execution of the tactics and Integration requires the establishment of metrics, long-term partnerships, assessments and procedures to ensure the sustainability of your plan.

    While this is a straightforward process, as you can see it is involved so it would be difficult to flesh it out further in this forum. If you’d feel comfortable emailing me at invangelist@verizon.net, I may be able to offer you additional support.

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